Friday, July 3, 2026
UKL20 Hardship Dynamics
Notes
Hardship Measurement Model (HARD)
Where data were available in the World Development Indicators (WDI), the variables above were used to construct three independent components that explain 97.7% of the variation in the indicators.
The first component, HARD1, explained 75% of the variation and was a relatively equal weighting of all the indicators. The second independent component, HARD2, explaining about 20% of the variation, and was a complex Inequality-Male Infant Mortality-Unemployment, Household Expenditure historical controller. The third independent component, HARD3, was a Family Work-Inequality-Male Infant Mortality historical controller that explained 3% of the remaining variation for a total of 97.7% of the variance explained using Principal Components Analysis (PCA).
From the time plots, all the components were stabilizing by 2014.
UKL20 HARD Model
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